Objective In order to provide scientific basis for Brucellosis control and prevention, sero-epidemiological survey, Brucella isolation and genetic characteristic analysis were conducted for the high-risk population in a human Brucellosis epidemic in Weining county of Guizhou province. Methods Tube agglutination test was used to detect the anti-Brucella antibody for the high-risk human population. Rose Bengal Plate Test was applied to detect the antibody in goat blood samples. The blood of antibody positive human population was collected for Brucella isolation. Conventional methods, genus specific BCSP31-PCR and species-specific AMOS-PCR were used to identify the bacteria strain, and the genetic characteristic was analyzed using MLVA and MLST techniques. Results Six people of 43 high-risk populations were confirmed as anti-Brucella antibody positive, 64 out of 302 goat blood samples were anti-Brucella antibody positive, with positive rate of 21.19%. A suspected Brucella strain were isolated from one of the high-risk human populations and was identified as B. melitensis biovar 3. MLVA-16 analysis indicated that the bacteria strain was most closely clustered with B. melitensis biovar 3. Multilocus sequence typing analysis indicated the strain was ST8. Conclusion Genetic characteristic of Brucella strain isolated from the Brucelosis epidemic was consistent with that of M. melitensis biovar 3. Although antibody and Brucella were detected, the high-risk populations did not displayed symptoms, so all of them were asymptomatic infections. The epidemic was seemingly imported due to goats trading, suggested that health and animal disease control and prevention departments and doctors should pay great attention to it.

Objective To establish a quality evaluation system of Aedes albopictus population in the laboratory. Methods A u test method was used to evaluate the quality of laboratory rearing Ae. albopictus. Results A specific quality evaluation system for Ae. albopictus has been established, which includes sample collection, wet weights data collection and processing, statistical inference. Conclusion This system can effectively evaluate the quality of Ae. albopictus, and it is of great significance to repellents' laboratory efficacy tests.

Objective To monitor the seasonal changes in the population density, dengue virus carriage, and dichlorvos resistance of Aedes albopictus in the urban and rural areas of Guangzhou city, China and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of dengue fever. Methods The population densities of Ae. albopictus in different seasons were monitored with Aedes traps in urban Guangzhou (Baiyun district) and rural Guangzhou (a village in Conghua city). RT-PCR was used to detect the dengue virus carried by the field population of Ae. albopictus. The dichlorvos resistance of Ae. albopictus was evaluated by larva dip method. Results In the urban and rural areas of Guangzhou, there were significantly different positive indices in the four seasons. The population density of Ae. albopictus reached the peak level in summer［for urban and rural areas, mosquito and oviposition positive index (MOI)＝40.54 and 38.14; mosquito-trap positive index (MI)＝35.14 and 37.63; oviposition index (OI)＝36.49 and 29.90］; the population density was the lowest in winter, but with MOI and MI above zero. No dengue virus was detected in Ae. albopictus. In the urban area, Ae. albopictus had low resistance to dichlorvos in spring and autumn, with a resistance index (RI) greater than 2, and it was sensitive to dichlorvos in summer, with an RI less than 2. In the rural area, Ae. albopictus had a higher RI to dichlorvos in spring and autumn than in summer, but it was sensitive to dichlorvos in all the three seasons, with an RI less than 2. Conclusion Ae. albopictus can be monitored all year round in the urban and rural areas of Guangzhou, and its population density is the highest in summer. Dengue virus is not detected in Ae. albopictus. Dichlorvos has a good performance in killing mosquito larvae, but it should be applied at the appropriate time.

Objective To explore a suitable method of protein extraction from German cockroach ( Blattella germanica) in order to provide a basis for proteomic studies of B. germanica. Methods The adults of B. germanica were defatted with acetone and five protein extracts (TCA/acetone, RIPA, Tris-HCl, 1% SDS and lysate) were used for protein extraction. The concentration of protein was measured with the Bradford methods and the efficacy of protein extraction of the individual method before and after defatting was compared by SDS-PAGE analysis. Results Defatting contributed to the extraction of protein from B. germanica. In the five protein extraction methods, RIPA lysate was most effective. The results showed that the protein bands of female and male adults were 13 and 16, respectively, followed by the methods of SDS, Tris-HCl and lysate, with the TCA/acetone method being the least effective in terms of protein extraction. Conclusion Defatting with acetone makes for protein extraction from B. germanica; and RIPA lysate is more effective for protein extraction from adult B. germanica.

Objective To evaluate deratization effects for controlling rat populations in regions for resettlement after the reservoir was formed at the Longtan hydropower station and preventing occurrence and prevalence of rodent?borne diseases. Methods 0.005% bromadiolone baits of wheat grain were intermittently applied to the residential and farming areas. Powder trace and night trap methods were employed to measure the rat density before and after deratization. Results The powder?block positive rate in residential areas averaged 9.90% before deratization and 2.04% after bait deployment, with the reduction of 79.39%. The average rat density in farming areas was 6.54% and 1.08% before and after deratization, respectively, with the reduction rate of 83.49%. Statistically significant difference was observed in the rat densities before and after rodent control (χ² values were 64.33 and 32.15, P＜0.01). Conclusion The results of rodent control showed that the applied control measures were effective with well organized procedures and choice of drugs, formulations of toxic baits and timing based on rodent characteristics of local populations.

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the influence factors in areas where rabies raged in Guizhou province, and provide the evidence for the establishment of focused intervention measure suitable for the rural areas. Methods A multistage sampling method was used in this study and all the data were analyzed by Excel 2003 after logging data with Epi Data. Results In recent years, the incidence of rabies in Zhenning county was very serious. The incidence rates of rabies in 2005 and 2006 were 6.16/10 thousand and 5.19/10 thousand respectively, which mainly caused by bite of dogs. Because of the large number of the dogs, the injury rate of the crowd was also higher. It was 6.47% in 2006, and there was significant difference between exposure rate of students （10.58%） and that of farmers （5.05%）（χ2＝36.57, P＜0.001）. About 31.40% exposed crowd were not done the medical treatment, and 35.41% exposed crowd without inoculation rabies vaccines, only 4.26% of Ⅲ° exposed crowd with rabies immunoglobulin. Villagers knew less about the knowledge of rabies prevention and control. Conclusion The main factors leading to the rage of rabies were large number of dogs, low immunization rate of the crowd, high exposure rate of the public and low treatment rate of exposed crowd in the investigated districts.

【Abstract】 Objective To study the influence of season, temperature and humidity to the seasonal fluctuation of Haemaphysalis bispinosa.  Methods Investigate 3 d in succession in the fixed sites per ten days monthly, the ticks were captured by the flag (90 cm×60 cm) at its active peak. The average quantity of ticks captured in successive 3 d per ten days was counted, and the temperature and humidity were recorded. The curve of average ticks number to time was drawn. Results The ticks captured belonged to H.bispinosa. Its density began to increase since April, and it had two population peak, one was in May and June, the other was in September and October.  After October, it decreased obviously, and its density was minimum in February and March. The activity peak of ticks was perhaps from May to June, and its propagation peak was from September to October. The curve of temperature change and the seasonal fluctuation of H.bispinosa was very similar, so the combination of humidity and temperature possibly affected the activity of H.bispinosa. Conclusion H.bispinosa could be active in the whole year, and the Summer and the Autumn were its activity peak.

Objective To investigate the eggs laying characteristic of the reared population of Lucilia sericata.Methods(During the) ovipositing periods of the sixth to seventh generation,the laid eggs were observed everyday.Results The peaks of the laying eggs were observed twice at the fourth and eleventh day in the sixth generation,and at the first and eighth day in the seventh generation.The number of the laid eggs in the later period was relatively small.Conclusion It suggested that the number of the laid eggs from the reared blowfly population was not stable in all the laying period,and in the later laying period,the laying capability was relatively low.